The history of protestantism by wylie, james aitken, 18081890. Major movements today include evangelicalism, mainline denominations. Protestantism explodes christian history christianity. After 1850, in response to european demand for latin american products, the economy quickened. Across latin america, 8% of citizens are classified as mainline or historical. Protestantism spread with evangelicalism and pentecostalism gaining the majority of followers. Protestant history in latin america since the arrival of columbus in the americas, catholicism has been the dominant religion among peoples whom the europeans met and conquered, imposing their religion upon the conquered.
However, between the 14th and 17th centuries a series of northern european reforms led to what is now called the protestant reformation culminating in a mass exodus. The cambridge history of religions in latin america edited by virginia garrardburnett april 2016. There is a new protestant reformation in latin america. The growth of protestantism in brazil and its impact on male. This rise of protestantism in the past century, both globally and in latin america, has been widely observed and discussed by political analysts, feminists, church members, observers, natives, and foreigners. After the independence movements of the early 19th century, most national governments decriminalized protestantism, and a handful of missionaries and bible salesmen from great britain and the. Aug 27, 2018 these new movements are having an important influence on the development of latino protestantism, and the missionary efforts of latino protestants are also having an impact in latin america as. Protestants, and 10% as evangelical or pentecostal. Due to latin americas predominantly roman catholic background, u. Search the history of over 439 billion web pages on the internet. Protestantism is the largest grouping of christians in the united states with its combined denominations collectively accounting for about 43% of the countrys population or 141 million people in 2019. Decisive moments in the history of christianity grand rapids. S protestants missions in latin america were never as prominent as.
The growth of evangelical protestantism since the 1960s from its epicentre in the united states has been a. A history of the church in latin america biblioteca virtual clacso. Latin america is home to more than 425 million catholics nearly 40% of the worlds total catholic population and the roman catholic church now has a latin american pope for the first time in its history. Consequently, to this day, the vast majority of latin america s residents call themselves catholic. Since the 16th century, major factors affecting protestantism have been the catholic counterreformation which opposed it successfully especially in france, spain and italy. At least ten percent of the latin americans today call themselves. Quite apart from its value for the study of protestantism, the bibliography is useful as a general bibliographic guide because the compiler has included an excellent and comprehensive section on bibliographic aids which includes most bibliographic and reference tools for the study of latin america. The cambridge history of religions in latin america, edited by. Historical protestantism in latin america chapter 19. The history of protestantism volume second books 1017 by rev. The history of religion in latin america is a complex one, tied to the. Rethinking protestantism in latin america stoll, david on.
When the pilgrims at plymouth made the mayflower compact on november 11, 1620, swearing in the name of god to covenant and combine themselves together into a civil body politic, they were following a pattern familiar to them from earlier church covenants that was shaped by a tradition of covenant theology rooted in the. However, between the 14thand 17thcenturies a series of northern european reforms led to what is now called the protestant reformation culminating in a mass exodus from the near total control of christianity from rome. Latin american protestantism consists of a group of religious organizations that. Mainline protestantism in latin america oxford handbooks. The history of anglicanism as a separate denomination really began with the decision of henry viii 14911547 to overthrow the authority of the roman catholic church in england. The earliest evidence of protestantism in latin america comes from the colonial period through the inquisition trials of alleged protestant heretics. The history of north american christianity eerdmans, 2002. After a series of european religious wars in the 16th and 17th centuries, and especially in the 19th century, it spread throughout the. Protestantism in brazil began in the 19th century, and grew in the 20th century after restrictions against protestants were abolished throughout latin america. Historical data suggest that for most of the 20th century, from 1900 through the 1960s, at least 90% of latin americas population was catholic see history of religious change. But in the second half of the twentieth century, a socalled protestant wave. Anthony gill since the 1930s, a number of countries in latin america have experienced rapid growth in the expansion of evangelical protestantism.
The growing protestant presence in latin america panoramas. The urban impact on american protestantism, 18651900 1943. Latin america remains, much more than any other region in the world, dominated by a single religion. Latin american history from 1800 to 1914 outline periods. Far from being a newcomer, mainline protestantism has played a number of roles in the latin american religious drama. Goode book award, american sociological association family section, 2000 pathbreaking, brilliant, and a pleasure to read. The cambridge history of religions in latin america edited by virginia garrard burnett april 2016. The recent expansion of protestantism throughout latin. It begins with a brief summary of european colonialism, laying the groundwork for the succeeding chapters on the history of the independent nationstates that make up modern latin america. Colonists from northern europe introduced protestantism in its anglican and reformed forms to plymouth colony, massachusetts bay colony, new netherland, virginia colony, and carolina colony. New protestantism in latin america christianity today.
Protestantism is growing in africa, asia, latin america, and oceania, while remaining stable or declining in anglo america and europe, with some exceptions such as france, where it was legally eradicated after the abolition of the edict of nantes by the edict of fontainebleau and the following persecution of huguenots, but now is claimed to be. Was there a protestant reformation in latin america. This followed the refusal of pope clement vii 14781534 to grant authority for henry to divorce his then wife, catherine of aragon 14851536. Christianity was introduced with the first european settlers beginning in the 16th and 17th centuries. Protestantism may be thought of in terms of history, but it is also a matter of the individual believer and her response to god. Protestantism a brief overview of the history of protestant christianity. Growth and development of protestantism in latin america. This book covers well over 200 years of latin american history. Aug 18, 2006 his 2002 book, changing tides orbis, examined the growth of protestantism in latin america. Thus, dropping the unemployed may underestimate the association between protestantism and growth in income. Latin america has always been dominated by roman catholicism, but there is a culture of protestantism as well by roland armando alum.
This idea on fire, leads us to consider not merely a man but the movement. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Christianity in latin america is an excellent introduction for those wishing to study the impact of christianity on a continent and its impact beyond. Protestants in latin america were largely ostracized until the abolition of certain restrictions in the 20th century. I think that you will not find much on a protestant reformation in latin america, as that tends to be time and place specific. Pdf the growth of protestant religions in mexico and central. For centuries, the dominant religion found in latin america has been catholicism.
The dramatic growth of evangelicals in latin america. Along with roman catholicism and eastern orthodoxy, protestantism became one of three major forces in christianity. North america became a shelter for protestants who were fleeing europe after the persecution increased. Languages, with the anglicans, the puritans, the dutch reformed, and swedish. Protestantism in latin america latin american studies. Ravensbergen protestantism in panama 6 introduction he religious landscape of latin america has seen some considerable change in the last few decades. Yet identification with catholicism has declined throughout the region.
Protestantism in america can be characterized in terms of a full, free experimentation and an enduring biblicism. Protestantism, the sacred cause of gods light and truth against the devils falsity and darkness. Protestantism on the history of which we are now entering. Catholicism, but today in mexico and central america, protestantism no longer. Protestantism was virtually unknown in the region until last century, and then only in a marginal way. His 2002 book, changing tides orbis, examined the growth of protestantism in latin america. From 1820 to 1850, the post independence economy of latin america remained stagnant. A religious history of the american people 1972, 2nd wed. A history of protestants in america oxford university press, 2002. Religion and the latin american voter bu personal websites. Offers an interpretation of popular catholicism in latin america. Protestantism a brief overview of the history of protestant. Whereas the occasional unfortunate protestant would wash up on shore during the colonial period, protestantism as a whole did not begin entering latin america. Nov 14, 2014 if almost every adult in latin america started life as a catholic, its not surprising that so few are converting to catholicism, versus protestantism.
Since columbus, roman catholicism has dominated the history and culture of latin america. Evangelicals and political power in latin america konrad. Is protestant growth enabling the consolidation of democratic capitalism. Pentecostalization of protestantism in latin america springerlink. In the colonial era, it represented the dangerous other visavis the political, social, and religious structures. Viewed thus and any narrower view would be untrue alike to philosophy and to fact the history of protestantism is the record of one of the grandest dramas of all time. The full text of the interview can be found in the special documents section of ncr. However, the current sociological literature on religion contains little analysis for the caribbean region.
Then came an era of confessionalization followed by rationalism, pietism, and the great awakenings. History of protestantism in the united states wikipedia. Four tiny nations that were included in the gallup world poll were omitted from our study on grounds that they are not a historical part of latin america. Ethnographic evidence from latin america suggest that marginalized people who become protestant are more likely to move into the formal economy smilde 2007, see also freeman 1986. Doc history of protestantism in modern latin america. Latin american protestantismliberal, evangelical and pentecostal miguez. The three historical models of political participation by evangelicals 60. Has this religious change produced concomitant changes in the political landscape. Protestantism is an idea, maybe even, an idea on fire. Latin american protestantism has come to the fore in the secular and aca. But beginning in the 1940s, protestantism began mushrooming in latin america. It is true, no doubt, that protestantism, strictly viewed, is simply a principle.
Dove edited by virginia garrardburnett, university of texas, austin, paul freston, stephen c. Rethinking protestantism in latin america book, 1993. Since the arrival of columbus in the americas, catholicism has been the dominant religion among peoples whom the europeans met and conquered, imposing their religion upon the conquered. Having been ruled by the spanish and portuguese starting in the 1500s, both nations emphasized religiosity and incorporated the church into government decisions and policies, from land distribution, to conversion and education. Church history this book is a good introduction to the extremely complex issue of christianity in latin america. Consequently, to this day, the vast majority of latin americas residents call. During the middle ages the roman catholic church held a virtual monopoly of faith in western europe. Now available in paperback, tongues of fire deals with one of the most extraordinary developments in the world today the rapid spread of evangelical protestantism in vast areas of the underdeveloped societies, notable latin america. The early years, from 1606, witnessed the planting of the christian church in america. Protestantism, movement that began in northern europe in the early 16th century as a reaction to medieval roman catholic doctrines and practices. Protestantism a brief overview of the history of protestant christianity during the middle ages the roman catholic church held a virtual monopoly of faith in western europe.
The many flavors of latino protestantism christianity today. Introduces and explores the concept of votive religion or votive cultures. Historical protestantism in latin america chapter 19 the. Although catholicism continues to be the majority religion in latin america, protestantism has emerged as a significant spiritual alternative throughout the region. Conversion to latin american protestantism and interdisciplinary. Protestantism origin, definition, history, doctrines. Pdf contemporary popular catholicism in latin america in. The first arrivals were adherents to anglicanism, congregationalism, presbyterianism, lutheranism, quakerism, anabaptism and the moravian church from british, german, dutch, and nordic stock.
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